{"id":6855,"date":"2025-07-02T13:10:58","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T06:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/?p=6855"},"modified":"2025-07-08T13:28:58","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T06:28:58","slug":"the-dangers-of-hcn-exposure-during-fire-overhaul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/hiem-hoa-tu-khi-hcn-trong-giai-doan-kiem-tra-sau-chay-overhaul\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec3m H\u1ecda T\u1eeb Kh\u00ed HCN Trong Giai \u0110o\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec3m Tra Sau Ch\u00e1y (Overhaul)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eebng B\u1ecf M\u1eb7t Hi\u1ec3m H\u1ecda Sau Khi D\u1eadp L\u1eeda: Kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9c V\u1eabn Ti\u1ec1m \u1ea8n Nguy C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebft Ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u2013 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, kh\u00f3i cu\u1ed9n d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thu d\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng (salvage and overhaul)<\/strong> \u2013 l\u00fac n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00ec m\u1ed1i nguy l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 qua. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau ch\u00e1y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd<\/strong> sau khi l\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa kh\u00f4ng mang theo thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong>, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00e1o b\u1ecf m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 SCBA<\/strong>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\n

Kh\u00f3i ch\u00e1y \u2013 H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nguy hi\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Kh\u00f3i ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 Hydro Cyanide (HCN)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t.<\/strong> D\u00f9 Carbon Monoxide (CO)<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, HCN l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi CO<\/strong>, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1eb7p song s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i\u201d (toxic twins)<\/strong>. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1t (asphyxiants)<\/strong> \u2013 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxy. M\u1ed7i kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 nguy hi\u1ec3m ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u2013 nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, HCN kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i lo sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/strong> \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Khi b\u1ecb nung n\u00f3ng, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i HCN \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed HCN<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Theo Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p Hoa K\u1ef3 (NIOSH)<\/strong>, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 HCN \u0111\u1ea1t 50 ppm<\/strong> (ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m<\/strong> \u2013 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 IDLH \u2013 Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (Nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe)<\/strong>. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 4.7 ppm<\/strong>, th\u1eddi gian ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 15 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Sau c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y, l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, r\u00e1t c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n<\/strong> \u2013 nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi h\u1ecd li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c<\/strong>. Theo CDC (Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/strong>, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cyanide<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m: ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, th\u1edf nhanh, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u00f3 si\u1ebft c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf, l\u00fa l\u1eabn, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u.<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong> c\u1ee7a l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tim, n\u00e3o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh<\/strong>, v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi HCN. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra sau ch\u00e1y<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\n

Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111eo thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1edf SCBA?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a HCN v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111eo SCBA?<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111eo SCBA trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra sau ch\u00e1y<\/strong>. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb SCBA n\u00f3ng, n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>. Khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1t, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecf qua<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n<\/strong> l\u00e0: ch\u1ec9 \u0111eo SCBA khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00ednh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa ph\u1ea3i mang theo thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong> \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 HCN ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb Panindochina<\/strong><\/h4>\n

T\u1ea1i Panindochina<\/strong>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3 hai s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Tango\u00ae TX2<\/strong> v\u00e0 Ventis\u00ae Pro5 Multi-Gas Monitor<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t HCN v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra sau ch\u00e1y. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5: hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u201c\u0110eo SCBA<\/strong>\u201d khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed nguy hi\u1ec3m, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ventis Pro5<\/strong> cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi 5 kh\u00ed<\/strong>, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n mang nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ngo\u00e0i c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn CO v\u00e0 HCN<\/strong>, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u00eam c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 th\u1ea5p (LEL<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Oxy (O\u2082<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hydro Sulfide (H\u2082S<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0110\u1eebng B\u1ecf M\u1eb7t Hi\u1ec3m H\u1ecda Sau Khi D\u1eadp L\u1eeda: Kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9c V\u1eabn Ti\u1ec1m \u1ea8n Nguy C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebft Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u2013 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, kh\u00f3i cu\u1ed9n d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[188],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-company-news"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6855"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6864,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855\/revisions\/6864"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/panindochina.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}